Indlela yokukhulisa iintyatyambo zekhalenda: ukuhlwayela, ukukhula kunye nokugcina imbewu

Ungayikhulisa njani intyatyambo yekhalenda ye-officinalis kubandakanya isikhokelo sokuhlwayela, ukukhula, ukugcina imbewu, iindlela zokuyisebenzisa njengesityalo esiliqabane, kunye nezona zilimo zilungileyo zisetyenziselwa amayeza.

Esi siqwenga sisahluko esivela kwi-ebook, iCalendula: Isikhokelo sokukhula kunye nokuSebenzisa kuKhathalelo lweSikhumba

Ukuba ukhulisa intyatyambo enye yokunyamekela ulusu, khetha iCalendula officinalis. Eyaziwa ngabantu abaninzi njengePot Marigold, le ntyatyambo ivuyayo kwaye kulula ukuyikhulisa ineendlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa. Iintyatyambo zinokwahluka ngombala ukusuka kumbala otyheli ukuya kwiorenji ekhanyayo kwaye zomelele, izityalo ezitsha zingavelisa iintyatyambo ukusukela ngoMeyi ukuya kwiqabaka yokuqala. Eyona nto ilunge ngakumbi, kokukhona ukhetha iintyatyambo, kokukhona zivelisa.

Yenza kakuhle kakhulu kwiimeko ezininzi ezivulekileyo kwaye iya kukhula phantse kuyo nayiphi na igadi. Yintyatyambo echuma ngokungahoywa kwaye iya kukhula ngcono ngokushiywa wedwa. Nje ukuba zidubule, ungakhetha iintyatyambo oza kuzisebenzisa ekwenzeni unyango lolusu lwendalo.

I-calendula officinalis isikhokelo esikhulayo

• Ilungele yonke imimandla
• Akukho ngxabano kwaye kulula ukuyikhulisa
• Ientyatyambo ezimthubi, eziorenji kunye nezeapilkosi
• Ilanga elipheleleyo ukuya kumthunzi okhethekileyo
• Uninzi lweentlobo zomhlaba kodwa zikhetha ukuchuma nokufunxeka kakuhle
Ukuphakama kwesityalo: 45-60cm (18-24)
• Iintyatyambo ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya kwiqabaka yokuqala

I-calendula ikhula kuyo yonke imimandla yegadi

Ukuhlwayela iMbewu yeCalendula

Nangona i-Calendula officinalis isuka kwiMeditera, ubume bayo obomeleleyo buye bayivumela ukuba ikholoniyutha kwihlabathi elinobushushu. Ikhula kwiintlobo ezininzi zomhlaba kwaye iya kunyamezela umthunzi okhethekileyo. Benza ngcono kwiindawo ezinelanga nangona, ngakumbi kumhlaba ococekileyo. Batyale apho kwaye baya kukuvuza ngamakhulu eentyatyambo.

Hlwayela imbewu efana nolwandle ekwindla okanye entwasahlobo. Ukuhlwayela ekwindla kuya kunika izityalo ukuqala kwaye uza kubona iintyatyambo ngaphambili. Imbewu ye-Calendula ihluma ngcono phakathi kwe-15-25C (59-77F). Awunakho ukubona izithole ezininzi zivela ukuba ziyaphola okanye zifudumele kunale [1] .

Izithole zeCalendula zishenxiswa ziimbewu egosogoso

Ekwindla, hlwayela iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo phambi kweqabaka yokuqala kwitreyi okanye iimodyuli ezizaliswe yinxalenye enye ye-perlite (okanye igrit) exutywe namacandelo amathathu omgquba wezinto ezininzi. Ingubo ephezulu ene-horticultural grit, uyinkcenkceshele kuyo, kwaye ugcine ukufuma phantsi kwekhava kwindawo eqaqambileyo. Imbewu kufuneka ihlwayelwe i-1.25cm (1/2) ubunzulu.

Uza kubona amaqabunga ephuma iintsuku ezingama-6-15 emva kokuhlwayela. Ngokukhuselwa kokubanda nakwislugs izityalo ziya kugqithisa ubusika kakuhle kwaye ungazityala ngaphandle emva kwekhephu lokugqibela entwasahlobo. Ukuba ukhula kwitreyi, uya kufuna ukuzityala nganye kwiimodyuli ngaphambi kobusika.

Ungayihlwayela imbewu ye calendula kwiimodyuli nasentwasahlobo. Sebenzisa imiyalelo efanayo apha ngasentla kwaye uhlwayele iiveki ezi-6-8 ngaphambi komhla wokugqibela weqabaka ukuba uziqala ngaphakathi okanye kwigreenhouse ebushushu. Ukuba i-greenhouse yakho ayifudumezi, hlwayela emva komhla wokugqibela wekhephu.

Isityalo esidala seeveki ezintandathu

Ukutyala iCalendula

I-calendula iya kukhula kwiintlobo ezininzi zomhlaba kodwa ikhetha umhlaba ochumileyo, ofunxwe kakuhle. Ukuba ufuna iintyatyambo ezininzi gcina oku engqondweni xa uhlwayela okanye uzityala ngaphandle. Ziyakukhula kwilanga elikhethekileyo kodwa ndiyakuphepha ukuzikhulisa ngomthunzi opheleleyo. Eminye imithombo inokuthi unako kodwa ezi zityalo zeMeditera ziluthanda ngokwenene ilanga.

Xa izityalo zakho ezincinci ziziisentimitha ezimbini ubude, ziqine kwaye uzityale ngaphandle. Baya kukhula ngokwamandla abo ukuba unokubanika i-1-2 yeenyawo kuwo onke amacala.

Ukuhlwayela imbewu yeCalendula kwi-drill

Ukuhlwayelwa ngqo kweCalendula

Ukuhlwayela ngqo entwasahlobo kulula kakhulu. Phakathi kuka-Matshi noMeyi, nasemva kwekhephu lokugqibela, chithachitha imbewu kancinane kwimiqolo eli-18 ngokwahlukeneyo. Khusela izityalo ezikhulayo kwii-slugs usebenzisa imigibe yebhiya okanye esinye isisombululo se-organic kwaye xa izityalo ezincinci zifikelela kwi-intshi ubude, zibhityile zaya kutsho malunga ne-15cm (6) ngaphandle.

Vumela izityalo ukuba ziqhubeke zikhula kwaye xa zibethe ama-2-3 ubude zibhongo zibe ngama-30-60cm (1-2 inyawo) zahlukene. Unokumba ezinye ezongezelelekileyo zokuphinda utyale kwenye indawo okanye unike. Beka izityalo ezibuthathaka kwingqumba yomgquba.

Oku kulapha ngasentla sisikhokelo sokutyala ngokubanzi. Ngokwam ndiqhele ukukhulisa i-calendula yam kwizityalo ezityebileyo, nokuba zilandelelana kunye nezityalo ziisentimitha ezimbalwa ukuqhekeka okanye zisasazwa ngaphezulu kwendawo. Xa usasazo okanye uvumelekile ukuba uzihlwayele, andizinciphisi. Bayazilungisa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Izityalo zeCalendula zikhula kakuhle zodwa okanye kwimiqolo

I-Calendula njengesityalo esiliqabane

Nangona unokufana nam kwaye ukhulele i-calendula ngeenjongo zazo, zinokuthi zichaphazeleke ecaleni kwegadi ukunceda ezinye izityalo zikhule. Banokutsala ii-aphids kude nemifuno exabisekileyo kwaye batsale izityalo eziluncedo ngakumbi.

Kwisitiya, iCalendula ihlala ikhuliswa njengesityalo esiliqabane kwimifuno efuna impova ukuze ivelise. Iintyatyambo ezidlamkileyo zitsala izinambuzane eziya kuthi ngolonwabo zidlule ziye kwi-pollin zucchinis, amathanga, kunye neekomkomere ngelixa zilapho. I-Calendula officinalis ngumhlobo kwizityalo ezininzi ezityiwayo kubandakanya:

• I-Asparagus - iyayinqanda ibhungane le-asparagus
• I squash kunye namathanga - iintyatyambo zazo zitsala umvumvuzeli
• Uninzi lweminye imifuno. Abalimi begadi bakhulisa i-calendula yokuzoba ii-aphid kude nemifuno enje ngeklabishi, i-kale, iletesi kunye neminye imifuno enamagqabi.

Icala elisezantsi ukuya kwi-calendula kukuba ukukhula kwabo okuxineneyo kudala indawo entle emanzi yokuntywila. Oko kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka uphephe ukutyala ngokuthe ngqo kuyo nantoni na ongayifuniyo.

Nangona iCalendula ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-marigold okanye i-'Pot Marigold 'ayihambelani kakhulu ne-marigold eqhelekileyo onokuthi uqhelane nayo. Esi sityalo sisiTagetes kwaye sineengcebiso ezahlukeneyo zokutyala amaqabane.

I-Calendula inokunceda ezinye izityalo ngokugcina ezinye izinambuzane kunye nokutsala iipolin. Umfanekiso ngoncedo lwe IFlickr

Calendula iingcebiso ezikhulayo

Ukuba sele unesigcina-kufuma okanye umgquba ogalelweyo emhlabeni ungatyala ngqo kuwo. Ngaphandle koko, sebenzisa i-mulch oyikhethile emva kokuba izityalo zilungile intshi okanye ezimbini ubude. Musa ukugubungela isiseko sesityalo kodwa uze ne-mulch ukuya kwi-intshi yayo. I-mulch iya kuwugcina umhlaba ngaphantsi kokufuma kwaye inqande ukhula ekukhuleni.

I-Calendula ifuna okuncinci kakhulu kwindlela yokhathalelo lwamva. Ingcebiso yam ephambili ekukhuleni kwabo kukungangxoli nabo kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuchola iintyatyambo. Kukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokondla kakhulu okuya kubangela ukukhula okuxineneyo kunye neminye imiba. Bayeke bodwa kwaye baya kukonwabela ukukhula kunye nokuqhakaza lonke ixesha lasehlotyeni.

Ukuba izityalo zakho ziqala ukuba zide kwaye zincinci, ungazinciphisa. Sebenzisa isikere okanye iminwe yakho ukuphinda ubuyisele kwi-node yegqabi. Nenjongo yokugcina izityalo zakho zingaphantsi kwe-60 cm (iinyawo ezimbini) ukuphakama. Bavame ukuhlala bebhasari kwaye besempilweni ngaloo ndlela, bafuna amanzi amancinci, kwaye beme ngcono emoyeni.

Zimbalwa kakhulu izitshabalalisi

Ngokubhekisele kwizinambuzane, i-calendula inokuthi ihlupheke kwi-aphids emva kwexesha lonyaka. Ukuba uphawula ukuba kukho uhlaselo, tshiza iintwala usebenzisa amanzi anesepha.

Ungakhula i-calendula kwizikhongozeli ukuba awunayo indawo eyaneleyo yegadi

Ukukhula kweCalendula kwiiKhonteyina

I-Calendula iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa kwaye iya kukhula kakuhle kwiimbiza zangaphandle, izikhongozeli, kunye neebhokisi zeefestile. Ngaphandle kwesivuno seentyatyambo, baya kongeza ukubola kombala kuwo wonke unyaka.

Xa ukhula kwizikhongozeli, qiniseka ukuba isichumisi sifumile kodwa sinomsele olungileyo. Ukwenza umxube olungileyo yongeza i-1-part grit okanye i-perlite ene-1-part vermiculite kunye ne-3-parts multipurpose. I-Perlite yongeza i-drainage, i-Vermiculite aerates kodwa ikwagcina amanzi, kwaye umgquba uqukethe izondlo kunye nendawo yeengcambu zokukhula.

Emva kokutyala, cinezela umgquba phantsi uze uwunxibe ngaphezulu ngendlela yokulima. Oku kuya kunceda umgquba ugcine amanzi kunye nokugcina ukhula lungabikho kwikholoni.

Okukhona ukhetha, kokukhona uya kuvelisa iintyatyambo iCalendula

Amaxesha okuqhakaza

Izityalo zeCalendula ziya kuqala ukudubula kwiintsuku ezingama-45-60 emva kokuntshula kwaye ngokuya uqhubeka uphakamisa iintyatyambo, ziya kuqhubeka nokudubula.
Ngapha koko, ziya kutyatyamba lonke ixesha lasehlotyeni nasekwindla ukuba ukhuthele kwintloko yakho efileyo. Kwiindawo ezinobushushu ezinye ziya kuqhubeka nokukhula ebusika.

Kwelinye icala, kwimozulu eshushu okanye ngexesha lasehlotyeni elishushu unokufumanisa ukuba izityalo zakho ziyayeka ukudubula. Bazingela phantsi, bathwele ubushushu, kwaye baya kuqala ukudubula kwakhona xa ipholile ekwindla.

Iintyatyambo zeCalendula azenzelwanga umboniso nje kuphela, zikwasityalo esinceda ulusu kunye nentyatyambo etyiwayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukukhetha iintyatyambo kwi-prime yazo akupheleli nje ekukhuthazeni iintyatyambo ukuba zidubule kodwa ungazisebenzisa nazo.

Yenza i-calendula yolusu yendalo okanye usebenzise iipetali ukufakela umbala kwaye ungeze incasa kwiiresiphi zokutya.

Iintlobo zeentyatyambo ezizodwa (ngasekhohlo) zinendawo evulekileyo kwaye zinomtsalane ngakumbi kwizidlulisi-zilwanyana. Iintyatyambo eziphindwe kabini (ngasekunene) zinamagqabi amaninzi okuvuna

Iintlobo zeentyatyambo ezingatshatanga neziBini

Iintyatyambo ngokwazo zihlala ziba tyheli ukuya ku-orenji oqaqambileyo kunye ne-2-3 ubukhulu. Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zeCalendula officinalis ezinokudubula njengeentyatyambo ezizodwa kunye nezinye ezinemiqolo emibini yeepalali.

Ezinye iindidi, ezinje ngeFiesta Gitano, zivelisa iintyatyambo zombala omthubi kunye no-orenji kunye nakwi-semi-double ukuya kumagqabi aphindwe kabini.

Unokuyithenga kwakhona imbewu ye-calendula njengemixube ukuze ube neentyatyambo ezizodwa, ezibini, ezityheli, kunye neeorenji kumqolo omnye.

Uninzi lwee-100 okanye ii-calendula officinalis zezolimo ziye zakhuliselwa imarike yokuhombisa. Nangona kunjalo, iipalali ezivela kuzo zonke izilimo ziyatyiwa kwaye ziyanyanga. Kuthetha nje ukuba ezizezona zilungele impilo kunye nokhathalelo lolusu zezona ntlobo zinentlaka [2] .

• Umbala weorenji o-orenji - Iphindwe kabini ngamagqabi eorenji. Esi sesona silimo silungileyo sokusetyenziswa kwizicelo zemifuno kunye nolusu.
• Intlaka - inye kunye namagqabi atyheli kunye neepistile ezityheli. Olunye uhlobo lokulima olusetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwemifuno.
• I-orenji engatshatanga - engatshatanga kunye namagqabi eorenji kunye nepistil
• Inkosana yaseIndiya - kabini-orenji-bomvu nge pistil emnyama
• Ukumangala okuPinki - kabini kunye tyheli-pink

I-Calendula iya kutyatyamba ngovuyo lonke ixesha lasehlotyeni

Ngonyaka okanye unyaka?

I-Calendula ngobuchwephesha ihlala ixesha elifutshane kwaye ukuba ayichukunyiswa yingqele enzima inokuphila iminyaka embalwa. Zimbalwa izityalo zam ezisindayo ebusika nganye (indawo yesi-8), nangona iziqu zazo ezisezantsi ngamanye amaxesha zimnyama kwaye ziba semthethweni.

Kwimimandla ye-7 kunye nezantsi ukhula i-calendula njengonyaka. Oku kuthetha ukuba iya kufa kwaye ifuna ukuhlwayelwa kwakhona unyaka nonyaka. Ngethamsanqa, zivelisa imbewu kwaye ziya kuzimela ngokwazo ukuba uyazivumela. Ezi mbewu zihlwayelweyo ngaphezulu kobusika kwaye ziya kukhula isityalo esitsha se-calendula kwindawo enye kunyaka olandelayo.

Ungagcina kwakhona imbewu kwaye uqalise inkqubo yokuhlwayela kwakhona ngentwasahlobo elandelayo.

I-Calendula ngabavelisi bembewu abazinzileyo kwaye unokuqokelela okuninzi ngexesha elinye

Ukuqokelela Imbewu yeCalendula

Imbewu yeCalendula kulula ukuyifumana kwaye uyigcine kwisityalo. Nje ukuba wenze utyalomali lokuqala lwembewu akufuneki ukuba uphinde uyithenge.

Vumela ezinye zeentyatyambo ukuba ziqhakaze, zilahle iipalali zazo, kwaye zitshintshe zibe ziintloko zembewu eluhlaza. Njengoko zivuthwa iintloko zembewu ziya kujika zibe mdaka kwaye zinokunqunyulwa kwisityalo ngaphambi kokuba ikhutshwe imbewu. Sika iintloko zembewu ngokwakho okanye ngeesentimitha ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu kwesiqu.

Ukusika ngesiqu esincinci kunokuba lula kodwa kuya kususa inxenye yesityalo esinokuqhubeka nokudubula. Bopha iziqu ezisikiweyo ngentambo uze ubeke iintloko zentyatyambo kwibhegi yephepha emdaka. Yibophe ukuze ingawi.

Hlanganisa ujonge ezantsi kwindawo efudumeleyo kunye nomoya de iziqu zomile. Nika ingxowa ishukumisi elungileyo emva koku kwaye uninzi lwembewu luya kuwa. Khupha okuseleyo xa kufuneka njalo.

Ukuba usika nje iintloko zembewu, zisasaze emazantsi engxowa ephepha emdaka kwaye ushiye kwindawo eshushu, eyomileyo. Xa usomile ngokupheleleyo, sebenzisa iminwe yakho ukukhupha imbewu ngaphandle kweentloko.
Gcina imbewu eyomisiweyo yekhalenda ezingxoweni okanye ezityeni kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo, ngaphandle kwelanga. Ukuhluma okungcono, sebenzisa kwisithuba seminyaka emithandathu.

Icandelo elilandelayo kolu ngcelele kukuvuna kunye nokomisa iintyatyambo ze-calendula

Ukuvuna kunye nokusebenzisa iintyatyambo zeCalendula

Esi siqwenga sisicatshulwa esivela kwi-ebook, Isikhokelo seCalendula sokukhula kunye nokuyisebenzisa kwiKhathalelo lolusu. Ngamaphepha angama-49 abonisa indlela yokukhula, ukuvuna, inkqubo, kunye nokusebenzisa i-calendula ekunyangeni ukhathalelo lolusu lwendalo. Ikwabandakanya ngaphezulu kweshumi elinambini lobuhle kunye nokhathalelo lokhathalelo lolusu kubandakanya isepha ye-calendula, i-lip balm, i-fizzies yokuhlamba kunye nekhrimu yolusu.

Intloko apha ngolwazi oluthe kratya kunye nokukhuphela kwakho kwangoko.

[1] Ukuhluma kwembewu yecalendula ekuphenduleni kumaqondo obushushu
[2] Umfama we-Organic Medicinal Herb Farmer: Isikhokelo sokugqibela sokuvelisa iiHerbs ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuMgangatho weMarike , iphepha 277